22): "Thou wilt not deliver me unto the will (be-nefesh) of my enemies" (Ps. 7901 || But oh, how wise the Holy Spirit is! Prophets The Ruach quickens us to the veracity of Scriptures, which are God breathed. verb. 2617 || 10:10 And when they came there to the hill, behold, a company of prophets met him; and the Spirit of God came upon him, and he prophesied among them. not subject to destruction. With the use of the Hebrew language God revealed Himself to mankind. "That shall do according to that which is in my will (bi-lebabi) and in 11:29 And Moses said to him, Do you envy for my sake? The first idea is when the breath of air is still in his mouth, before it goes into the opening of the hollow tube, we can only call it then a neshimah. x. The Old Testament But the Wikipedia link summarizes how they're used in Kabbalah, where they do have very specific meanings. It has nothing to do with "Husband-peer" vs "Husband-master." 6663 || Its varied use almost defies analysis, but some emphases are discernible. Instruct-its-coming to the vector, Embedded hyperlinks in a thesis or research paper. Also, let me clarify that I belong to the school of thought that says the Name of the LORD as written in Hebrew should not be pronounced, or even transliterated into a form that would aid or suggest verbal pronunciation of any form. The word's first use in the Bible appears in the second verse: "The Spirit of God [ Ruach Elohim] was hovering over the waters" ( Genesis 1:2 ). Yet, because it sits in this middle world, the ruach is also an entity in its own right. The Hebrew ruach means "wind," "breath," or "spirit." The corresponding Greek word is pneuma. He brings us a new life in Messiah, and though our outward bodies are wasting away, our inner man, is being renewed each day. feminine Noun. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Hebrew Word Studies Index || Bible Studies Index. Could a subterranean river or aquifer generate enough continuous momentum to power a waterwheel for the purpose of producing electricity? 2320 || Historical Books ruach: breath, wind, spirit Original Word: Part of Speech: Noun Feminine Transliteration: ruach Phonetic Spelling: (roo'-akh) Definition: breath, wind, spirit NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin from an unused word Definition breath, wind, spirit NASB Translation Which means that when we read our Bible, we may not always realize that in Hebrew these verses had something very important in common. the breath of the spirit of life), of all that were in the dry land, died. Which is also what we know that the Holy Spirit does in the New Testament. In Hebrew the suffixes and some prepositions are added to the basic word to enhance the meaning, and where this has been done the meaning of the suffix or preposition has been included in highlighted text. Another well recognized symbol is fire. 7307 || The week after death, the nefesh wanters between the deceased's' home and grave, then infrequently comes returns to the grave until it is weaned from the grave by the end of a year. What does it mean for one's soul to "be like dust to everyone"? 19:7 Behold, I will send a blast upon him, and he shall hear a rumour, and shall return to his own land; and I will cause him to fall by the sword in his own land. "As the Lord liveth that made us this soul" (Jer. The first is Rav Saadia Gaon's (Emunos veDeios 6:3). Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Instead, he blessed them. (Number 24:2). American Standard Version, Instead of writing Yahweh, HaShem, the Name, G-d, LORD etc., I edited according to the Hebrew , YHWH. 4191 || 15:19 But God broke open a hollow place that was in the jaw, and water came out of it; and when he had drunk, his spirit came again, and he revived: therefore he called the name of it Enhakkore, which is in Lehi to this day. This verb yields two derivatives: The masculine noun ( rewah ), meaning space or interval . Poetical Books Luke-Acts Why is the heart labeled the seat of emotion? 10:19 And Yahweh turned a mighty strong west wind, which took away the locusts, and cast them into the Red sea; there remained not one locust in all the coasts of Egypt. in the WLC Hebrew. 6:34 But the Spirit of Yahweh came upon Gideon, and he blew a trumpet; and Abiezer was gathered after him. General Epistles 2 Kings 2:9 And it came to pass, when they had gone over, that Elijah said to Elisha, Ask what I shall do for you, before I am taken away from you. To obtain a true "It is an abbreviation of the Hebrew expression dibuk me-ruah ha-rah, lit, 'the cleavage of the evil spirit,' and refers to a wandering soul of the . Spirit. The other opinion I wish to add or perhaps two opinions, is that of the Vilna Gaon and R' Chaim Volozhiner: R. Chaim Volozhiner explains Naran based on the breathing imagery used in Bereishis 2:5: - 7225 || How best to understand the NLT translation of Malachi 2:16? 2483 || The the Vilna Gaon is in his discussion (Peirush al Kamah Agados, Koenigsburg ed. Westminster Leningrad Codex, Ruach in Hebrew is spelled Reysh, vav, and chet. Whereas they do not require any such comfort at all, and they would be better left alone than spoiled by such unwise comforters as we are. The New Testament Is God Different in the Old and the New Testament? GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation, Select an Ending Point Blue Letter Bible offers several daily devotional readings in order to help you refocus on Christ and the Gospel of His peace and righteousness. The point of it is that the people will no longer speak using the names of the idol called baal. 8:3 God has delivered into your hands the princes of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb: and what was I able to do in comparison of you? (After all, the word ruach also means wind.). Thus the prophecy is saying that the people will no longer use the names of the idol baal. What does 'They're at four. And they came to meet him, and bowed themselves to the ground before him. The study of the Holy Spirit has often been motivated by defeating perceived false teaching about the Spirit. Could a subterranean river or aquifer generate enough continuous momentum to power a waterwheel for the purpose of producing electricity? GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation. 3871 || I go further, by holding that the tetra-alefbetic Name is the multidimensional Identity of the LORD. Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for professors, theologians, and those interested in exegetical analysis of biblical texts. Which is why we want to teach you seven Hebrew words that will transform the way you read the Bible. The Holy Spirit is the power emanating from The Great I Am, the Heavenly Father. FIRM is a global fellowship of Biblically-grounded believers committed to cultivating Messiah-centered relationships that bless the inhabitants of IsraelJews, Arabs, and othersand the Jewish community around the world. = to declare about that which is coming, [] NaV_i = plural 1st person uncompleted causative Passing negative parameters to a wolframscript, xcolor: How to get the complementary color, 6:1 - prophesy about the mountains of Israel, 21:2 - prophesy about the southern forest, 35:2 - prophesy about the mountain of Seir, 36:1 - prophesy about the mountains of Israel, A literal wind (the verse continues "come from the four winds"). If we accept that inversive-vav theory is wrong and bring consistency to the reading of the Hebrew, it completely overturns the situation, where what were thought of as prophecy are merely subjunctives, propositions, possibilities. It is Ahaya's power that puts all things into motion. Then David received them, and made them captains of the band. 11:31 And there went forth a wind from Yahweh, and brought quails from the sea, and let them fall by the camp, as it were a day's journey on this side, and as it were a day's journey on the other side, round about the camp, and as it were two cubits high upon the face of the earth. 27:18 And Yahweh said to Moses, Take Joshua the son of Nun, a man in whom is the spirit, and lay your hand upon him; Deuteronomy 2:30 But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for Yahweh your God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into your hand, as it appears this day. Our Rabbis zal already compared the three-fold living ruach of man to the making of a glass utensil to reviving the dead. What do hollow blue circles with a dot mean on the World Map? 3462 || In this case, it is the Ruach which gives life, where previously there was none. 4397 || Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation, Select a Beginning Point Greek Word Studies Index. The Nefesh haChaim, following a far older metaphor, breaks down both processes into three parts. 4438 || Accessed May 23, 2021.http://www.nonprofitpages.com/elm/chs_comfort.htm. Page 1 / 7 (Gen 1:21Sa 10:10), 1. rev2023.5.1.43405. Biblical Judaism believes in a young Earth. Major Prophets Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Unexpected uint64 behaviour 0xFFFF'FFFF'FFFF'FFFF - 1 = 0? Ruach is described as a wind (for example, in Numbers 11:31 and Exodus 10:13), but also as spirit (in Judges 6:34, 1 Samuel 16:14 and 1 Kings 18:12). 3): and according to my opinion, it has this meaning also in the following passages. (John 1:1-18). 11:17 And I will come down and talk with you there: and I will take of the spirit which is upon you, and will put it upon them; and they shall bear the burden of the people with you, that you do not bear it yourself alone. Why the obscure but specific description of Jane Doe II in the original complaint for Westenbroek v. Kappa Kappa Gamma Fraternity? Which reverse polarity protection is better and why? 10:5 And the meat of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel, and his cupbearers, and his ascent by which he went up to the house of Yahweh; there was no more spirit in her. Luke 3:22 says that the Spirit descended like a dove upon Jesus. In this Youtube video (5:49 seconds in), Rabbi Chaim Miller explains that: In Kabbalah or Chasidut Nefesh means a bodily soul, or instinct, or inate. Error: Passwords should have at least 6 characters, Error: Usernames should only contain letters, numbers, dots, dashes, or underscores. [] then becomes a nifal passive derivative "root word" - an example where some soresh types are actually derivatives of more fundamental soresh types. The Hebrew word ( ruach) is most often translated as "spirit," but it is also translated often as "breath" 1 and "wind." 2 Footnotes 1 Job 15:30: "and by the breath () of his mouth shall he go away" 2 Gen. 8:1: "And God made a wind () pass over the earth, and the waters abated" Similarly, Ruach Elohim means the Spirit of God. Psalm 33:6 says, by the word of theLORDthe heavens were made, and by the breath (ruach) of his mouth all their host. Darby Translation, 24:20 And the Spirit of God came upon Zechariah the son of Jehoiada the priest, which stood above the people, and said to them, Thus says God, Why do you transgress the commandments of Yahweh, that you cannot prosper? The word is breathed by God. 19:23 And he went there to Naioth in Ramah: and the Spirit of God was upon him also, and he went on, and prophesied, until he came to Naioth in Ramah. He is our comforter, helper, encourager, the breath of life. The ruach has the ability to decide, and thus the concept of Free Will. unto God who gave it" (Eccles. As I commented on the question, these words have very different meanings in different contexts (and indeed at different points in the history of Hebrew language and usage). But the meaning that we should pay closest attention to is spirit. Thus, it would be logical to conclude that in Ezekiel 37, as the bodies return to life when the is placed inside of them, this is the same "breath of life." locusts" (Exod. 1 Chronicles 5:26 And the God of Israel stirred up the spirit of Pul king of Assyria, and the spirit of Tilgathpilneser king of Assyria, and he carried them away, even the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh, and brought them to Halah, and Habor, and Hara, and to the river Gozan, to this day. The soul is likened to the breath of air that a glass blower uses to inflate hot glass. taharah. Study now. of Windows, and is printer friendly. Pentateuch For example, in Psalm 51:11 when David prayed: Do not cast me away from Your presence and do not take your Ruach HaKodesh (Holy Spirit) from me.. It is the collective spirit of the human race. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by resemblance spirit, but only of a rational being (including its expression and functions):air, anger, blast, breath, cool, courage, mind, quarter, 7). And he said, You shall persuade him, and prevail also: go forth, and do so. It signifies also that which remains of man after his death, and is The Spirit verifies them and makes our hearts respond to the truth therein. And the Identity is listening for the counterpart signature to verify/validate themselves. Based on Ezekiel's tendency to address himself toward inanimate objects, this isn't surprising. Some accuse us of Gnosticism by our reasoning. Does the order of validations and MAC with clear text matter? rwach, roo'-akh; from H7306; wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. According to Jewish Magic and Superstition: A Study in Folk Religion (admittedly, not the best source.). Please copy and paste this word study link into Facebook and Twitter to all your friends who like Hebrew Word Studies on ruach for spirit and give it a Google +. And he said, I will go forth, and I will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets. (John 16:13). I've seen it explained as follows (in Wisdom, understanding, and knowledge: The tube connects the glassblower and his work. 5315 || For example, the Hebrew for 'breath' is Ruach. 9:25 And their brethren, which were in their villages, were to come after seven days from time to time with them. provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition. Animals do not have a ruach with higher level thinking and consciousness. "To bind his princes at his will" (be-nafsho) (PS. The prophet writes that the Lord arrives like a rushing tide driven by the breath of the Lord. The Gracious Work of the Holy Spirit. Ligonier Ministries. The phrasing: "hinnabe el" is used throughout the book of Ezekiel to mean "prophesy about" or "prophesy to." Unlike any other prophet, Ezekiel likes to prophesy about inanimate and physical things. [R. Yehushua] said, Can anyone find the ability to build a house in the air?, The Gaon explains that the house in the air is clearly a reference to the ruach, suspended between heaven and earth. distinguishing characteristic of man, as in. - the power of desire Mi Yodeya is a question and answer site for those who base their lives on Jewish law and tradition and anyone interested in learning more. The point is not self-contemplation. 2:15 And when the sons of the prophets who were to view at Jericho saw him, they said, The spirit of Elijah rests on Elisha. GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation, Select a Beginning Point The Hebrew word ruach, featured in verses such as Genesis 1:2, Numbers 27:16, Job 33:4, among others, refers to God as a breath, a wind, or a life force that sustains all living things, human beings included. [1] [2] The Hebrew noun um'ah, meaning "impurity", describes a state of ritual impurity. The Maharsha in his Chidushe Aggadot (Berachot 3A, d"h "Mishmorah Rishonah Chamor") says almost the exact same thing. Thinking animals have a nefesh. Unbelievably brazen. The role of the Word and Spirit are intimately entwined. 12:18 Then the spirit came upon Amasai, who was chief of the captains, and he said, We are yours, David, and on your side, you son of Jesse: peace, peace be to you, and peace be to your helpers; for your God helps you. 1933 || The final radical of this word is guttural; this affects the adjacent vowels. This does not provide an answer to the question. Poetical Books So, what is the difference? He restores sight by waking up the human spirit through confession. Gen 1:21Sa 10:10, The Whole Bible 9:24 In four quarters (Lit. This self-reference is a concept that comes up often when dealing with the concept of intelligence. "And the spirit (ruach) shall return His bride. because you have forsaken Yahweh, he has also forsaken you. G'd is waiting for His reciprocal, like an encryption Identity awaits the matching reciprocation signal. Adding EV Charger (100A) in secondary panel (100A) fed off main (200A). For the message must be similar to the metaphor. (see here). Rather than being the means to get things done, they can take over and satisfying them can become an end in itself. This ancient tongue held the greatest spiritual truths that guided our lives through the ages. 30:12 And they gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins: and when he had eaten, his spirit came again to him: for he had eaten no bread, nor drunk any water, three days and three nights. The Lord inspired all the artistry, according to what He had in mind for His holy Temple. Ferguson, Sinclair. This Hebrew word study uses a Greek Unicode font and the Hebrew Unicode font "David" which comes with later versions Email / username or password was incorrect! For instance, according to Rambam, when used as a description of God, Ruach refers to Hashem's Will. Humans are never supposed to be G-d's equal and cannot be equal to G-d as it says " " "To whom can you compare Me or declare Me similar? Depending on the context, ruach can be talking about a person's emotional state of being, or their soul or spirit, and is sometimes used as an idiom, as in "a mere breath." ." When coupled with one of the names of . Translation of Ezekiel 37:9 like many verses in the Bible, suffers from this inconsistency within one sentence itself. The Identity of the LORD is a high-dimension Identity. Thanks for contributing an answer to Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange! It appears 389 times in the Old Testament. But, gnosticism is the problem of Christianity, and it is futile to transference that problem onto Jews. Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database. In the Old Testament, we see that the Ruach Elohim, or the Ruach HaKodesh, quickens, fills, comes upon and comforts. Did the drapes in old theatres actually say "ASBESTOS" on them? 28:3 And you shall speak to all that are wise hearted, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, that they may make Aaron's garments to consecrate him, that he may minister to me in the priest's office. Fashion a pure heart for me, O God; create in me a steadfast spirit ( ). People have often wondered how the nefesh and ruach can be different if they both think and feel emotion. XXV. Outside of Kabbalah, Nefesh is the life force of any living being. pg 10b) of the following gemara: [The elders of the School of Athens said to Rabbi Yehoshua ben Chanania,] Build us a house in the air of the world. He pronounced a [Divine] Name, and [thereby] suspended himself between heaven and earth and said to them, Send me bricks and cement from down there. 27:16 Let Yahweh, the God of the spirits of all flesh, set a man over the congregation, Orthodox 1), that is, I had no pleasure in them, I did not wish to preserve them. To answer this question, we look at Genesis 2:7 where Man first comes to life which states " " "And the Master G-d created the Man out of dust from the ground. The Bible translates the word Ruach into all of the aforementioned English words. 2722 || God is encouraging us today through His Ruach. 2850 || What were the most popular text editors for MS-DOS in the 1980s? @avi Yes, the specification of the meaning "soul" definitely helped. He illuminates us to the truth and reality of life with God in Christ. New King James Version, 9:4 And the meat of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel; his cupbearers also, and their apparel; and his ascent by which he went up into the house of Yahweh; there was no more spirit in her. Nehemiah 9:20 You gave also your good spirit to instruct them, and withheld not your manna from their mouth, and gave them water for their thirst. Translations available: Rosh Hashanah This year, Rosh Hashanah (Hebrew for "head of the year") begins at sundown on Labor Day, September 6. Whenever I write something in Hebrew or Greek I try to also write its transliteration and emphasis in bold (and an English Bible version) for English readers. This is a thorough bible study about the meaning of the Hebrew word , 'ruach' (Strong's 3707) translated Early Concepts: Two words in the Bible the Hebrew ruah and the Greek pneuma (?) bear the basic meaning of wind or breath, but are often translated as spirit. "This is how you write COVID in Yiddish: . The first is the air, as it is still in the glassblowers cheeks. 6664 || = instructively/cohortatively speak to that which is coming. Ezra 1:1 Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of Yahweh by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, Yahweh stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying, With will comes a hunger for power and control. We can trust that the Ruach knows our whole story, our beginning middle and end. rev2023.5.1.43405. Prophets Prophets 9:30 Yet many years did you forbear them, and testified against them by your spirit in your prophets: yet would they not give ear: therefore you gave them into the hand of the people of the lands. = translated as "prophet". lxxviii. Another signification of the term is "reason", that is, the (ruach) of life" (Gen. vii. Even as the Hebrews understood it. Ruach is the animator of life, its what allows things to move, and Neshema is the combination of Ruach and Nefesh. 2 Samuel 22:11 And he rode upon a cherub, and flew: and he was seen upon the wings of the wind. Please see Blue Letter Bible's Privacy Policy for cookie usage details. Why did the angel of the LORD (YHWH) asked YHWH for information and receive comforting words in Zechariah 1:12 -13? The higher the degrees-of-freedom (dimensions), the more complex the encryption. And much like raccoons and mice like to come out at night, who can deny that there are also critters in our hearts. Pentateuch I'm learning and will appreciate any help. Unlike Churchill-Roosevelt, the counterparts of each modern encryption pairs need not be the same, to be able to IDENTIFY and reciprocate each other and decrypt encrypted messages on both sides. sure. 16). 28:12 And the pattern of all that he had by the spirit, of the courts of the house of Yahweh, and of all the chambers round about, of the treasuries of the house of God, and of the treasuries of the dedicated things: 2 Chronicles 9:3 And when the queen of Sheba had seen the wisdom of Solomon, and the house that he had built, Minor Prophets can you point out where in the Guide to the Perplexed this is discussed? 5514 || G'd wants us to develop the capability/technology to have eternal life. When nefesh is used in reference to God, it has the meaning "will," as we have already explained with reference to the passage. It gives every verse where the word 'ruach' appears in the Old Testament from Genesis to Esther. the four winds come in, O Spirit [, ra], and breathe on these slain, and they The Whole Bible 1934 || And money gives a person more opportunities to get more of his dreams accomplished. T'ruah: Give a Joyful SHOUT Sep 20, 2020 hebrewwordlessons SHOUT- Teruah. New English Translation, General Epistles To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. A person has control over an object when he possesses it. This is the nefesh, giving shape and purpose to our physical selves. 15:1 And the Spirit of God came upon Azariah the son of Oded: And then, in Job it is translated as breath (12:10). Individual instructors or editors may still require the use of URLs. 2472 || 7:15 And they went in to Noah into the ark, two and two of all flesh, in which is the breath of life. 6153 || mine intention (be-nafsht)" (I Sam. The Gospels August 06, 2018.https://www.ligonier.org/blog/holy-spirits-ministry/. This is only found in the Jew. [] NBA = Ni-VA = (nif-al) simple-passive of come 24:2 And Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel abiding in his tents according to their tribes; and the spirit of God came upon him. Browse other questions tagged, Like any library, Mi Yodeya offers tons of great information, but, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Some are of the black letters; their place in Torah is clear. Now you know, it's because the ruach is the personality software that develops in the nefesh hardware.