For example, the Book of Genesis itself should be primarily covered as a work of ancient literature, as part of the Hebrew or Christian Bible, or for its theological significance, rather than as a cosmological theory. This is the principle of one-way linking for fringe theories. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. Despite the news, the US and Mexican governments put a bounty of $7 million on Lazcanos head, and in 2012 he was shot and killed by the Mexican Navy. For instance, continental drift was heavily criticized because there was no known mechanism for continents to move and the proposed mechanisms were implausible. By Halloween, 20 people had died and half the entire population of 14,000 had been left sick. Even to know what the majority thinks you need a LARGE SAMPLE SIZE to get an idea. 4 fascinating Fringe Science theories that will blow your mind-----. Heriberto Lazcano Lazcano was the leader of the Los Zetas drug cartel until his death in a shootout with police on October 7, 2012. Donora is a small town located on the Monongahela River, 39 kilometers (24 mi) southeast of Pittsburgh. Links to non-fringe articles in fringe articles can also help aid the reader in understanding and remove the threat of creating a walled garden. Purpose - The purpose of this research is to examine the undergraduate thesis methodology, programming languages, and databases utilized to create thesis projects. By 2015, the widespread impact of the radiation will be felt in Japan. This hypothesis was started in the 19th century by Karl Bahrdt, Karl Venturini, and a handful of other theologians. Particularly harsh criticism should be attributed"Philosopher A. C. Grayling dismisses intelligent design as 'a little driblet of childish ignorance; a mark of mankind's infancy'"while simple facts"humans and chimpanzees evolved from a common ancestor"are best left stated simply as facts rather than recast as opinions. She is saying due to string theory people lost faith in all sciences. Be careful not to use in-text attribution carelessly to imply that only the named sources would agree. One of the most infamous Mexican drug lords in history, Lazcano was known for his extreme violence, and built an empire of 10,000 gunmen that spread from the Rio Grande into Central America. The Magna Carta is considered a forebear of the Constitution of the United States. In 2013, a study was published revealing that no physical health effects have been observed among the Japanese public because of the radiation. The idea has been picked up by journalists in Palestine, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia, who have claimed that Franklins prophecy is now coming true in the US administration.. To fight the cold temperature, their bodies eventually became covered with subcutaneous fat. Including such a controversial quote needs to be carefully contextualized as a particular point of view. This list catalogs well-accepted theories in science and pre-scientific natural philosophy and natural history which have since been superseded by scientific theories.Many discarded explanations were once supported by a scientific consensus, but replaced after more empirical information became available that identified flaws and prompted new theories which better explain the available data. Care should be taken not to mislead the reader by implying that, because the claim is actively disputed by only a few, it is otherwise supported. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The boundary between fringe science and pseudoscience is disputed. This is definitely a baseless CONSPIRACY theory. Reliable sources are needed for any article in Wikipedia. Caution should be exercised when evaluating whether there are enough sources available to write a neutral biography that neither unduly promotes nor denigrates the subject. Alternative theoretical formulations from within the scientific community are not pseudoscience, but part of the scientific process. The fringe theory developed in England during the 17th century and eventually spread to the United States. [2]:58[3] The general public has difficulty distinguishing between science and its imitators,[2]:173 and in some cases a "yearning to believe or a generalized suspicion of experts is a very potent incentive to accepting pseudoscientific claims". Here are the top ten fringe sciences and theories that could become mainstream in your lifetime: Fringe Sciences: Cybernetics Source: Alpha Coders Cybernetics is the study and re-creation of control systems (the nervous system, the brain, and mechanical-electrical communication systems). See Wikipedia:Fringe theories/Arbitration cases. Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. [2]:176, The term "fringe science" covers everything from novel hypotheses which can be tested by means of the scientific method to wild ad hoc hypotheses and mumbo jumbo. Sefer Toledot Yeshu (The Book of the History of Jesus) is a medieval Christian gospel which presents the life of Jesus in a fairly different light. Carlson's show gave many Fox News viewers what they wanted, she said, including false claims about the 2020 election, COVID vaccines and the Jan. 6 Capitol insurrection, as well as smears against. They possessed excellent sailing skills and built bigger ships than the ones used by Columbus. [4] Poorly conducted research, research fraud and other types of bad science are not necessarily pseudoscientific refer to reliable sources to find the appropriate characterisation. Articles about fringe theories sourced solely from a single primary source (even when it is peer reviewed) may be excluded from Wikipedia on notability grounds. Notable perspectives which are primarily non-scientific in nature but which contain claims concerning scientific phenomena should not be treated exclusively as scientific theory and handled on that basis. Fringe views, products, or those who promote them, may be mentioned in the text of other articles only if independent reliable sources connect the topics in a serious and prominent way. It is important that original hypotheses that have gone through peer review do not get presented in Wikipedia as representing scientific consensus or fact. The theory continues to thrive today among some skeptics, and among believers of other religions, most notably the Ahmadiyya Muslim community. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Should any inconsistency arise between this guideline and the content policies, the policies take precedence. Wikipedia is not and must not become the validating source for non-significant subjects, and it is not a forum for original research. The girl discovered the connection after exploring a genealogy database created by her grandfather. Here are the top ten fringe sciences and theories that could become mainstream in your lifetime: Cybernetics is the study and re-creation of control systems (the nervous system, the brain, and mechanical-electrical communication systems). Quotes that are controversial or potentially misleading need to be properly contextualized to avoid unintentional endorsement or deprecation. "An electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton.". The consensus of editors may even be to not include the quote at all. Such claims may contain or be followed by qualifiers to maintain neutralitye.g. Fringe sources can be used to support text that describes fringe theories provided that such sources have been noticed and given proper context with third-party, independent sources. "There are extreme academic views such as those of Jacques Halbronn, suggesting at great length and with great complexity that Nostradamus's Prophecies are antedated forgeries written by later hands with a political axe to grind." According to the stoned ape theory by American author and philosopher Terence McKenna, after our ancestors climbed down from the treetops, they began eating psilocybin mushrooms that thrived in the waste of cattlea move that sped up their evolution. Examples of the latter include pseudoscience (ideas that purport to . Lucky for us theres no disease that turns humans into flesh eating zombies. However, information in the book indicates a potentially earlier publication date. Additionally, the topic must satisfy general notability guidelines: the topic must receive significant coverage in reliable sources that are independent of the subject. In late October 1948, something strange happened in Donora, Pennsylvania. Muhammad became the figurehead for the Arabs, the new Chosen People. Additionally, Kalisch states that the Quran itself heavily paralleled the Christian and Jewish texts. 10 Controversial Fringe Theories by Dylan Angeles fact checked by Jamie Frater A fringe theory is an idea that departs from the mainstream view. Only a very few of these actually have any meaningful peer review outside of promoters of the fringe theories, and they should generally be considered unreliable. The quote should only be included if it can be contextualized in a verifiable and neutral sense as a point of view of the Bigfoot Field Researchers Association and not necessarily a factual statement. In a narrower sense, the term fringe theory is commonly used as a pejorative; it is roughly synonymous with the term pseudo . However, he might have used a metal pole or broomstick. He even contributed toward building the first permanent synagogue in Philadelphia. Proposals that, while purporting to be scientific, are obviously bogus may be so labeled and categorized as such without more justification. Sufficiently notable for dedicated articles: Not sufficiently notable for dedicated articles: Just because an idea is not accepted by most experts does not mean it should be removed from Wikipedia. One of his favorite methods was named La Paleta (The Lollipop), in which a victim would be stripped naked and brutally beaten with a board. One of the primary tenets of the theory is that the British Royal Family is directly descended from King David. Due consideration should be given to the fact that reputable news sources often cover less than strictly notable topics in a lighthearted fashion, such as on April Fool's Day, as "News of the Weird", or during "slow news days" (see junk food news and silly season). He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author. Using a method he called empirico-statistical analysis, Fomenko arrived at the conclusion that ancient history was really just a distorted version of Medieval events. In 1614, the book was reprinted by Jewish apostate Samuel Friedrich Brenz and presented as fact. When a mechanism was discovered through plate tectonics, it became mainstream. 3. The sourced contribution must simply aid in the verifiable and neutral presentation of the subject. One scientist says it may be possible one day", "Science fact and the SENS agenda. It has expanded to suggest that human exposure to bacteria is important for immune system development. After His death, He escaped the tomb on His own or with the help of His disciples. Scholarly opinion is generally the most authoritative source to identify the mainstream view. However, the theory was heavily derided in its infancy by the mainstream scientific community. inquiry in an established field of study which departs significantly from mainstream theories in that field and is considered to be questionable by the mainstream. Examples of unreliable journals include, but are not limited to: the Creation Research Society Quarterly, Homeopathy, and the Journal of Frontier Science (which uses blog comments[8] as its supposed peer review). Wikipedia is meant to be a tertiary source of information, summarizing the information gleaned from secondary sources, and in some cases from primary sources. Brian Springer is a television director who promotes the fringe theory that a select group of US politicians, journalists, and television personalities have been using the media to sway public opinion and deceive the American populace. Fringe science is a branch of science that departs from the established scientific theories. The mortality rate remained significantly higher than average for many years. The idea runs parallel with the fringe theory that the term conspiracy theory was invented by the CIA to discredit people who question media accounts of important events. He was nicknamed The Executioner because he liked to feed his victims to lions and tigers on his ranch. Parity of sources may mean that certain fringe theories are only reliably and verifiably reported on, or criticized, in alternative venues from those that are typically considered reliable sources for scientific topics on Wikipedia. Eventually, this custom led to even more complex and intertwined relationshipsessentially the forerunner of todays society. As with the Sandy Hook Elementary shooting, 2012 Aurora murders, and the Boston Marathon bombing, details of the event have been confused by false or inaccurate media reports and rumors, which have unfortunately been vastly blown out of proportion with the speedy help of social media. In the documentary, presidential candidate George H.W. Activation Theory Actor-Observer Difference Affect Infusion Model Affect Perseverance Aggression Ambiguity effect Amplification Hypothesis Anchoring and Adjustment Heuristic Anticipatory Regret see Regret Theory Appraisal Theory Attachment Theory Attachment Style Attitude Attitude-Behavior Consistency Attribution Theory Automatic Believing Specifically theories that didn't start out as a scientific/STEM discovery. Although they are still theories debated by some, they have come to be accepted as legitimate theories. A careful use of words and the adoption of a disinterested tone will ensure that a reader is not spoonfed opinions as facts and vice versa. Fast forward a few thousand years to the 1960s when Harvard Professor Tim Learys studies on the use of LSD made the drug popular. [2]:161. A fringe theory is an idea that departs from the mainstream view. This discovery would supposedly grant its owner eternal life and youth, or the ability to turn almost any metal into gold. The book says that Jesus was an illegitimate child who practiced heretic activities and died a shameful death. A former BBC journalist named Chris Bryson has suggested the US Army downplayed the fluoride poisoning due to the fact that the chemical was a byproduct of atomic research. Lazcano was a highly skilled military technician and received training in jungle and urban warfare. Fringe science is an inquiry in an established field of study which departs significantly from mainstream theories in that field and is considered to be questionable by the mainstream.. The no original research policy strongly encourages the collection and organization of information from existing secondary sources, and allows for careful use of primary sources. Believers claim that radiation from the plant has spread around the world and is causing negative health concerns and that Fukushima is not experiencing some leaks, but the disaster is an ongoing event like never witnessed before, which might continue for hundreds of years. The Duke even appropriated Raiss wealth while the trial was still ongoing. Scientists must evaluate the plausibility of each new fringe claim, and certain fringe discoveries "will later graduate into the ranks of accepted" while others "will never receive confirmation". For example, Lyell D. Henry Jr. wrote that, "fringe science [is] a term also suggesting kookiness. Fringe science topics Mind Control Pyrokinesis Teleportation Psychokinesis Nanotechnology Artificial Intelligence Precognition Dark Matter Suspend Animation Cybernetics Transmogrification Hypnosis ESP Neuroscience Clairaudience Hive Mind Parallel Universes Cryonics Astral Projection Protoscience Mutation Genetic Engineering Transhumanism One of the first people to propose the theory was David P. Strachan in an article published in the British Medical Journal in 1989. However, ideas should not be excluded from the encyclopedia simply because they are widely held to be wrong. In Wikipedia parlance, the term fringe theory is used in a very broad sense to describe an idea that departs significantly from the prevailing views or mainstream views in its particular field. As a result, founders and believers of fringe theories often end up as objects of ridicule. It was initially reported that Todashev was killed while alone with the FBI agent. By the same token, the purpose of Wikipedia is not to offer originally synthesized prose "debunking" notable ideas which the scientific community may consider to be absurd or unworthy. It is a generally accepted standard that editors should attempt to follow, though it is best treated with, For what to do with a subject that does not qualify for a separate article, see. Brooks-Baker also claimed that Queen Elizabeth is related to the Prophet Mohammed. Some other potential causes for the outbreak of allergies in developed countries include infant feeding (formula), overexposure to allergens, and exposure to pollutants. One estimate has suggested that more than 150 million Americans might be of royal descent. The world is so complex that there are many truths. Hardouin arrived at this conclusion after he had supposedly found numerous mistakes in the ancient and classical texts. In August 2012, it was reported that Miguel Trevio Morales had replaced Lazcano as the leader of Los Zetas. They should not be classified as pseudoscience but should still be put into context with respect to the mainstream perspective. Fringe science has its basis in established science, but explores and studies areas at the very boundaries, and is often poorly funded and under-resourced. As a member of the French nobility, Gilles de Rais held a huge fortune, including vast tracts of land in Brittany. She also finds it fair that credentialed scientists do not bother spending a lot of time learning about and explaining problems with the fringe theories of uncredentialed scientists, since the authors of those theories have not taken the time to understand the mainstream theories they aim to disprove. There will be new insights in developing and proposing thesis proposals which will introduce various applications . In the book Burkes Presidential Families of the United States of America, he suggested that George W. Bush is the 13th cousin to the current Queen Elizabeth. The first industrial robot was invented in 1961, and then in 2007 the London based Shadow Robot Company successfully produced and marketed the Shadow Handa glove controlled cybernetic hand with the same dexterity as a humans. It is also far from presenting a potential solution to the problem because kids absolutely need immunization and good hygiene. It has since been dismissed because of lack of evidence. Claims that are uncontroversial and uncontested within reliable sources should be presented as simple statements of facte.g. According to this theory, the British arent the only ones descended from the Lost Tribes of Israelthe Japanese are as well. Advertisement Coins. Since fringe theories may be obscure topics that few non-adherents write about, there may only be a small number of sources that directly dispute them. The lines between science-fiction and reality blur as J.J. Abrams, Roberto Orci, and Alex Kurtzman--the team behind STAR TREK and ALIAS--regroup to craft this mind-bending series that begins as an international flight . Fringe theories and related articles have been the subject of several arbitration cases. The study's findings will open a wide range of researchable topics and will usher in new trends in computer science. For a fringe view to be discussed in an article about a mainstream idea, independent reliable sources must discuss the relationship of the two as a serious and substantial matter. The smog has spawned a large number of conspiracy theories, revolving around US Steels refusal to release the records about the disaster, including an air chemical analysis. Some journeyed even further, until they finally reached the Japanese islands, where they established the Shinto religion and the emperor system. Likewise, an alleged speech by Stalin supposedly indicates that he hoped that Germanys war with Britain and France would leave the three countries exhausted, consequently making them easy pickings for the Soviets. For the project, the girl (who is also related to King John) linked Barack Obama as her 18th cousin through Obamas mothers family. From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. Todashev is now thought to have been unarmed during the incident. Fringe theories include the models and proposals of fringe science as well as similar ideas in other areas of scholarship, such as the humanities.The term is commonly used in a narrower sense as a pejorative roughly synonymous with pseudo-scholarship.Precise definitions that distinguish between widely held viewpoints . During the Middle Ages, invading armies would fling plague-ridden corpses over castle walls. The best sources to use when describing fringe theories, and in determining their notability and prominence, are independent reliable sources. It can be an unverified hypothesis, historical hoax, or pseudoscientific discovery. In the end, the media failed to report on his success and Agran failed to get recognized. It was also initially claimed that he threatened the officers with a knife, gun, or sword, but these reports were later dismissed. They are needed to demonstrate that an idea is sufficiently notable to merit a dedicated article about it. But the public is ignorant of the fact that "As science progresses from ignorance to understanding it must pass through a transitional phase of confusion and uncertainty. The aquatic ape theory states that our ancestors lived a semi-aquatic existence, inhabiting the edges of large bodies of water. In addition, the Phoenicians proved that they could complete long voyages by accomplishing what is believed to be the first recorded circumnavigation of Africa, in 600 B.C. [2] For writers and editors of Wikipedia articles to write about controversial ideas in a neutral manner, it is of vital importance that they simply restate what is said by independent secondary sources of reasonable reliability and quality. He was an acquaintance of the Boston Marathon bomber Tamerlan Tsarnaev, and was killed while being questioned about the bombing and a triple homicide that occurred in Waltham, Massachusetts, on the evening of September 11, 2011. Agran gained public support during his campaign, but he was banned from debates and conferences. Fringe views are properly excluded from articles on mainstream subjects to the extent that they are rarely if ever included by reliable sources on those subjects. As we have previously discussed, fringe theories contain premises and ideas that radically differ from the mainstream point of view. Historians such as Robert Spencer and, more recently, Sven Muhammad Kalisch cite several historical inaccuracies that give weight to this theory. We use the term fringe theory in a very broad sense to describe an idea that departs significantly from the prevailing views or mainstream views in its particular field. Dr. Robert Carton of the Environmental Protection Agency has claimed that fluoridation is the greatest case of scientific fraud of the century, if not of all time. On the other hand, the Center for Disease Control lists water fluoridation as one of the 10 greatest public health achievements of the 20th century, its used by dentists everywhere (theyre the people who care about your teeth), and its found in many toothpaste brands. In 1992, a group of scholars conducted a reenactment of the infamous trial, in order to test this theory. Fringe reports have been published claiming that Tokyo is becoming highly contaminated with radiation. The prominence of fringe views needs to be put in perspective relative to the views of the entire encompassing field; limiting that relative perspective to a restricted subset of specialists or only among the proponents of that view is, necessarily, biased and unrepresentative. According to its adherents, Franklins speech was transcribed by Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and included information about why the United States shouldnt allow Jewish immigration. So far, Fomenko and his believers continue to work on their theory, despite being criticized by mainstream historians and scientists for their unconventional methods and views. ", Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science, The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fringe_science&oldid=1148162414, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from June 2010, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from June 2022, Articles with AV media file bare URLs for citations, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 4 April 2023, at 13:05. Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. In particular, the relative space that an article devotes to different aspects of a fringe theory should follow from consideration primarily of the independent sources. On October 27, residents noticed a thick, yellowish, and acrid smog cloud hovering over the city. Critics of the theory say that it is based on highly speculative amateur research and lacks any substantial basis, while believers continue to focus on the historical linguistics of certain place names and scriptural interpretations of historical text. All articles concerning these people must also comply with Wikipedia's policy on biographies of living persons (WP:BLP). According to Fomenko, Jesus Christ Himself lived during this period, and it was His death that sparked the Crusades. Wikipedia is also not a crystal ball: While currently accepted scientific paradigms may later be rejected, and hypotheses previously held to be controversial or incorrect sometimes become accepted by the scientific community (e.g., plate tectonics), it is not the place of Wikipedia to venture such projections. After his execution, his main detractorsthe Bishop of Nantes and the Duke of Brittanyseized his assets and divided them among themselves. Fringe theories should be discussed in context; uncontroversial ideas may need to be referred to in relation to fringe theories. Hitlerwho got wind of the planhad no other choice but to launch a preemptive strike. Sometimes fringe sciences are accepted and become mainstream. They found that coins, monuments, and other artifacts of that period barely mention anything about Muhammad and Islam. However, it also requires that they not be given undue weight. The majority of the scholars have so far rejected this theory, and cited the many medical improbabilities required for Jesuss escape. It has since been resurrected to become a hotly debated topic among modern scholars. : Fringe science. Kalisch explains that the newly emerged Arab empire combined Jesus and Moses in order to create a unifying symbol for its people (Kalisch also believes the Islamic conquests never happened). The fringe theory says that the meltdown is the largest nuclear disaster in history and dwarfs the Chernobyl accident. For example, since the universal scientific view is that perpetual motion is impossible, any purported perpetual motion mechanism (e.g. Official history teaches us that during World War II, Nazi Germany acted as the aggressor against its erstwhile ally, the Soviet Union. Fringe theories may be excluded from articles about scientific topics when the scientific community has ignored the ideas. A list created by: Lee Sonogan Science gives as the most absolute truths.
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